Showing posts with label appraisal. Show all posts
Showing posts with label appraisal. Show all posts

Thursday, July 28, 2011

Soundbites and cliches (part 1)

One of the biggest media stories at the moment is the tragic events in Norway over the weekend. A young man (whose name I will not mention here – why give him the satisfaction?) caused the deaths of over 70 of his countrymen, apparently as an attempt to send a message to the government that he was not happy with their policy on immigration. Not just their general immigration policy, it seems, but particularly their openness to Muslim immigrants. It’s tragic that a citizen of a democratic nation felt the need to use violence to make a point rather than his democratic rights to petition the government on the issue that’s bothering him.

In early reports of the situation, the perpetrator was described as a Christian, and subsequent reports explained that he himself called himself a Christian on facebook and was aligned with the Knights Templar organisation. The use of the descriptor ‘Christian’ is very misleading and unhelpful, as most media attempts to succinctly capture a person’s character and motivations are. Apart from the likelihood that he is psychopathic, his motivations seem political and racial rather than religious. So associating him with the term ‘Christian’ is, firstly, a red herring, and secondly, a clear demonstration of the lack of understanding of what it means to be a Christian. Apparently the perpetrator himself, in the manifesto allegedly written by him, admits that he is not a ‘religious’ Christian in the sense of being a follower of Jesus and having a personal relationship with God (see this article). Rather, he aligns himself with what he calls a ‘cultural Christianity’, which seems for him to be synonymous with western democratic social values.

Yesterday, as part of my daily bible reading, I was struck by the following verses from the book of Proverbs (chapter 11, English Standard Version), which is a collection of the wise sayings attributed to King Solomon:
The righteousness of the blameless keeps his way straight, but the wicked falls by his own wickedness. (verse 5)
The righteousness of the upright delivers them, but the treacherous are taken captive by their lust. (verse 6)
With his mouth the godless man would destroy his neighbor, but by knowledge the righteous are delivered. (verse 9)
By the blessing of the upright a city is exalted, but by the mouth of the wicked it is overthrown. (verse 11)
Whoever belittles his neighbor lacks sense, but a man of understanding remains silent. (verse 12)
They each speak of the foolishness and destructiveness of doing evil, or plotting against or slandering one’s neighbour. The perpetrator of the crimes in Norway would have done well to heed this wisdom as part of his ‘cultural Christianity’. In a way, they are perhaps like an ancient form of ‘soundbite’! But I would argue that they are much more constructive and contain much more wisdom than today’s media soundbites, where in the absence of the full story a guess or incomplete piece of information will suffice, and there is scant regard for the consequences of connecting that piece of information with the events.

It reminds me of a report I saw in 2005 (Sydney Morning Herald, 10th June) about a tragic house fire in Wyong on the Central Coast of NSW which claimed the lives of four young children, three of whom were brothers. The mother of the three boys who died, and whose house it was, had gone out for the evening and had left the four children with two older siblings (12 and 13 years) and a cousin. Told like that, it sounds like a terrible tragedy and the reader would be expected to feel sympathy for the mother. But that is not the way it was told, as we get the following pieces of information (among others):
Lisa Forde, a mother of eight who rents the home where five of her children live with her...
Ms Forde lived in the rented house beside the Wyong River for four years. She and Mr Shepherd walked 50 metres down the street and across the road to Wyong Bowling Recreation Club to watch the Anthony Mundine-Mikkel Kessler fight on Wednesday night.
Mr Shepherd - who was outside the house yesterday drinking a long-neck as reporters milled around - said Ms Forde had gone to check the children when the fight ended.
Mr Shepherd, who said he had served two years' jail after being convicted on drugs charges, said Ms Forde had children by four men, two of whom were in jail.
At the very end, the reporter provides some balance with a positive character reference from Ms Forde’s neighbour, "She was a real good mother who only wanted what was best for her kids. This is horrible. How can you live with something like this?" but by then the damage has been done.

Wednesday, February 24, 2010

Dawkins and evaluation

No, I didn't make a typo in the title - it's not supposed to read 'Dawkins and evolution'!

A fellow Australian Christian academic, Ross McKenzie, has recently written a blog post in which he speculates on whether Richard Dawkins might have 'softened' in his stance towards Christians, based on some reviews of Dawkins' recent book (The Greatest Show on Earth). What strikes me as interesting is the recurring theme of comment on Dawkins' strong criticism of those who choose to believe in a creative God. I know Dawkins' writing is generally considered 'popular science', rather than academic scientific discourse, but even so it does seem rather inappropriate to be so blatantly evaluative in his references to certain groups of people.

I would love to do some appraisal analysis of his writing and see what kinds of appraisal show up the most, and towards whom (see Martin & White 2005 for more on Appraisal). Because I'm interested in his evaluations of people and groups of people, I would look at the linguistics resources used to express judgement, whether social esteem (based on a code the violation of which results in criticism from others) or social saction (based on moral/legal codes the violation of which leads to condemnation) (see e.g. White 2004). Perhaps there will be positive or negative appraisal of people's capacity (especially their mental abilities), normality, or tenacity (parameters of social esteem). Perhaps it will be expressions of positive or negative social sanction about people's propriety or honesty.

References
Martin, J. R., & White, P. (2005). The Language of Evaluation: Appraisal in English. Basingstoke & New York: Palgrave Macmillan.